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377 plants native to Tahoe
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1
Blue-eyed Grass (Sisyrinchium bellum) is a 1-ft-tall perennial herb that grows throughout California, usually in open places where there is some moisture, particularly grassy areas. It can also be found in woodlands and at altitudes up to almost 8000 feet. Its leaves are grassy and tufted. The flowers are small and purplish-blue, varying somewhat in color from a true blue to a definite purple; occasional white-flowering plants are found. It flowers from January to July. After flowering, it dies ...
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2
California Fuchsia (Epilobium canum) is a beautiful species of willowherb, native to the California foothills and coastal areas. It is a perennial plant, notable for the profusion of bright scarlet flowers in summer and autumn --- it's frequently the only native California plant in an area flowering at the height of summer. They tend to die back and go dormant in the winter. Other common names include California-fuchsia (from the resemblance of the flowers to those of Fuchsias), Hummingbird Flow...
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3
Common manzanita is a beautiful shrub: its red branching structure, delicate white lantern-shaped flowers, blush-colored berries, and bright foliage provide year-round interest. Use these gorgeous plants as specimen trees and to provide structure. Their graceful, twisting branches add an unbeatable sculptural effect. With their winter blooms and summer berries, they are a pollinator and wildlife all-star, supporting local birds and insects. Common Manzanita is easy to grow in a variety of soils....
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4
The Western Columbine is also known as the Red or Crimson Columbine because of its attractive red-and-yellow-colored flowers. The blooms are very appealing to hummingbirds. Mature seedheads provide food for finches and other bird species.This charming wildflower is a member of the buttercup family and grows in moist, shady locations. In the garden, it likes regular water, partial shade, and compost-rich, well-draining soil. It does self-sow, but deadheading will control spreading.
5
The California Black Oak gets its name from the dark bark color of mature trees. It has distinctive, deeply lobed leaves that turn brilliant shades of yellow and orange in the fall. It is a large deciduous tree that can grow up to 80 feet tall. It also has a large, spreading root system.
Black Oak acorns are an important food source for a wide range of wildlife, including birds, deer, squirrels, and other mammals. It is also a host plant for butterflies and moths. It is a drought-tolerant tree ...
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6
Creek Dogwood (Cornus sericea ssp. sericea) is a native shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California. It was formerly known as Cornus stolonifera and is still referred to by that name in some sources. It is moderately fast growing and moderately long-lived. It grows in a semi-upright form to a height of up to 15 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. It is noted for its red bark, especially on new growth. Flowers are white and striking, and bloom in the spring. L...
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7
Attractive, hardy, and easy to grow, the Blue Elderberry is also an important food source for California wildlife. In spring, large clusters of cream-colored flowers attract butterflies and bees. The abundant blue berries provide food for birds and other animals. Humans can eat the fruit as long as it?s cooked.This fast-growing shrub is tolerant of a variety of growing conditions, although it does best in sun and well-drained moist, rich soil. It can grow to the size of a small tree, up to 30 fe...
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8
Royal Penstemon is native to the western United States where it can be found in many types of habitat, including plateau and foothill scrub and sub-alpine mountain forests. It is a perennial herb growing erect to a maximum height near 60 centimeters. The leaves are usually lance-shaped and sometimes folded lengthwise, measuring up to 9 centimeters long. They are arranged oppositely and often clasp the stem at the bases. The showy flower cluster bears tubular flowers with expanded mouths, the lar...
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9
Ceanothus integerrimus (Deer Brush) is a woody shrub in the Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn) family native to the western United States, in Arizona, New Mexico, California, Oregon, and Washington. It grows in a wide range of habitats including chaparral mountain shrub regions, in hardwood forests of the west, and in fir, spruce, and Ponderosa Pine communities, being most abundant in chaparral in California. Due to its widespread distribution, it exhibits a variety of forms. In some locations it is a decid...
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10
Sulphur Buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum) is native to western North America from California to Colorado to central Canada, where it is abundant and found in many habitats.
This is an extremely variable plant and hard to identify, because individuals can look very different from one another. Also, this species has a great many varieties: This makes it difficult to generalize regarding its characteristics and requirements. It may be a perennial herb forming a small clump with flowers to 4 inches...
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11
White Alder (Alnus rhombifolia) is a member of the Birch family (Betulaceae) native to western North America, from Washington east to western Montana and south to San Diego County, occurring at altitudes of 300-7900 feet. Though not reported from northern Baja California, it has been predicted to occur there on the basis of its climatic adaptation.
White Alder is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 50 to 80 feet (rarely to 115 feet) tall. Its pale gray bark is smooth on young trees, becom...
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12
California Goldenrod is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in open grassy places, at elevations from 0-7500 feet. It produces masses of yellow flowers when many other plants are dormant. Birds and pollinating insects love this plant. Grows well in central oak woodlands. It likes to be wet in winter/spring and dry in summer but can take extra water.
It is a spreader from a creeping rootstock and may become invasive, so plant it whe...
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13
Checker Bloom (Sidalcea malviflora) is a common native perennial herb in the Malvaceae (Mallow) family that grows in Northern, Southern and Central California, the Sierra Nevada and Sacramento Valley regions. It tends to grow in dry, open flats, at elevations from sea level to 7,500 feet. It has bright green palmate leaves and 1" deep pink flowers arranged vertically on a spike. There are several recognized subspecies with different geographic ranges and slightly differing characteristics.This p...
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14
Curl Leaf Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius) is a large, densely-branching shrub or tree that may reach over 30 feet in height. Its leathery, sticky, dark-green leaves are up to 1 1/2 inches long and lance-shaped, and the edges may curl under.
The flower consists of a small tan tube from which protrudes a long, plume-like style covered in luxuriant tan hairs. The flowers are arranged in flower clusters of up to three. The fruit is a hairy achene 0.5 to 1 inch long.
This plant is distr...
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15
Ceanothus cuneatus is a species of flowering shrub in the Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn) family known by the common names Buckbrush and Wedgeleaf Ceanothus. This Ceanothus is native to Oregon, California, and northern Baja California, where it can be found in a number of habitats, especially chaparral. It is one of the most common and widespread native plants in California.
It is a spreading bush, rounded to sprawling, reaching up to 3 meters in height. The evergreen leaves are stiff, tough and fleshy...
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16
The Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea, syn. C. stolonifera, Swida sericea) is a species of dogwood native throughout northern and western North America from Alaska east to Newfoundland, south to Durango and Nuevo Len in the west, and Illinois and Virginia in the east. Other names include Redtwig Dogwood, Red-rood, American Dogwood, and (subsp. occidentalis) Western Dogwood. In the wild, it commonly grows in areas of damp soil, such as wetlands. It is a medium to tall deciduous shrub, growing 1....
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17
Ceanothus prostratus is a species of shrub in the Buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae) known by the common names prostrate ceanothus and mahala mat. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of the United States, into northern California and Nevada, where it grows in coniferous forest and open plateau. This is a flat, mat-forming shrub growing 6 inches tall up to about 8 ft. wide. The evergreen leaves are oppositely arranged, oval in shape with several large, sharp teeth along the edges. The upper surface ...
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18
The Bush Poppy or Tree Poppy is a shrub native to California and Baja California, rarely exceeding 3 meters tall. The leaves are alternate, narrow lance-shaped, 3-10 centimeters long, more than three times as long as broad. The margin of the leaves is finely toothed. The plant is evergreen and the leaves are somewhat leathery to the touch. If happy, it can grow up to 6 feet in two years. The flower clusters are solitary and terminal. The flowers are 2-7 centimeters in diameter, with four satiny ...
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19
Showy milkweed is native to much of the western half of North America. In California it is found in the Sierras and Coast Ranges, from Tulare County to Modoc and Siskiyou Counties. This flowering plant is a hairy, erect perennial that grows to about 4 feet tall. The large, pointed, banana-like leaves are arranged opposite on the stalk-like stem. The fragrant eye-catching furry pale pink to pinkish-purple flowers are arranged in thick umbels. Their petal structure is reflexed and the central flow...
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20
Rubus parviflorus (Thimbleberry) is a species in the Rosaceae (Rose) family native to western and northern North America, from Alaska east to Ontario and Michigan and south to northern Mexico. It is widespread in California. It grows from sea level in the north, up to 2,500 meter altitude in the south of the range. It is a dense shrub up to 2.5 meter tall with canes 3-15 millimeter diameter, often growing in large clumps which spread through the plant's underground rhizome. Rubus is the genus of...
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21
Also known as the baldhip or dwarf rose, the wood rose is a woodland shrub that grows best in shady or sun-dappled areas. Delicate, fragrant blooms in shades of pink and lavender are flat and open-faced. The stems are covered in long, straight spines and vibrant green leaves.
The flowers attract butterflies and bees. After blooming, the hips are a food source for birds. The wood rose is a good plant selection for a waterwise dry shade garden. It is drought tolerant and has low water requirement...
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22
The California Wild Rose (Rosa californica) is a beautiful rose species that grows through the coast and foothills of California and in the mountains up to elevations of 6000 feet. It is a deciduous, thicket-forming shrub with prickly, curving stems. Each rose is open-faced and generally flat, with five petals in any shade of pink from almost white to deep magenta. The fragrant flowers may grow singly or in flower clusters of several blooms. It produces typical rose hips containing yellow seeds....
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23
Also known by the names Common Sagebrush, Blue/Black Sagebrush or Mountain Sagebrush, it is a shrub or small tree from the family Asteraceae. It is a coarse, hardy silvery-grey bush with inconspicuous yellow-green flowers and grows in arid sections of the western United States and Western Canada. It is the primary vegetation across vast areas of the Great Basin desert and is an indicator species for high desert (above 1,500 ft.). Like others in this genus, it has highly aromatic foliage. Unlike ...
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24
Eriogonum latifolium is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names seaside buckwheat and coast buckwheat. This plant is native to the coastline of the western United States from Washington to central California, where it is a common resident of coastal bluffs and scrub. This is a perennial herb which is quite variable in size and flower color, depending on its location along the coast and degree of exposure to the stiff maritime winds of its habitat. It may be quite small or sprawl to...
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25
Yellow Stonecrop (Sedum spathulifolium) is a native perennial herb in the Crassulaceae (Stonecrop) family that is found in rocky or mountainous areas over a large part of the state, but more commonly in northern California. It is also found northward to British Columbia. It tends to grow in a hanging or sprawling manner on the face of cliffs or steep rocky outcrops, often in shade, at elevations from 0-7500 feet. The leaves are somewhat thick and succulent. In spring the plant puts up an erect f...
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26
Narrowleaf Milkweed (Asclepias fascicularis) is a flowering perennial. It sends up many thin, erect stems that bear distinctive long pointed leaves, which are very narrow and often whorled about the stem, giving the plant one of its other common names, Mexican Whorled Milkweed.It blooms in clusters of lavender, lavender-tinted or pinkish white flowers which have five reflexed lobes that extend down away from the blossom. The fruits are smooth milkweed pods, which split open to spill seeds along ...
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27
Yarrow is an all-star, popular plant choice among California native gardeners, including beginners! It is durable and easy to grow in a wide range of soil types and has low moisture requirements. It reseeds and spreads quickly, making it a good groundcover plant for lawn replacement.Yarrow's abundant white flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other insects. It is a staple in native pollinator gardens throughout the state. Yarrow has many alternative common names, including soldier's woundwort ...
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28
Woods' Rose is a native shrub that grows in Northern, Southern and Central California, primarily in mountainous areas including the Cascades, Sierra Nevada and Transverse Ranges. It is fast growing and long-lived, grows in an upright form to a height of 3 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are pink, striking and very fragrant, and bloom in the late spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in moist places, at elevations from 3500-11500 feet. It h...
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29
Populus tremuloides is a deciduous tree native to cooler areas of North America. The species is referred to as Quaking Aspen, Trembling Aspen, and Quakies, names deriving from its leaves which flutter in even a slight breeze. The tree can become tall, up to 25 meters, but is more often half that height, with smooth pale bark scarred with black. The glossy green leaves, dull beneath, become golden to yellow, rarely red, in Autumn. The species rarely flowers, often propagating through its roots to...
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30
Arctostaphylos nevadensis is a species of manzanita known by the common name pinemat manzanita. It is native to western North America from Washington to California, where it grows in the coniferous forests of the inland and coastal mountain ranges. It is a dominant shrub in the mountain understory chaparral in many areas. This is a short, spreading shrub forming mats, tangles, or mounds less than half a meter tall. The larger branches have dull red bark and the twigs are generally woolly. Leaves...
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31
Arroyo Willow is an abundant and widespread native tree or shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in marshes or other wet areas, at elevations from 0 to 7000 feet. It grows in or adjacent to many habitats including coastal sage scrub, riparian, southern oak woodland, yellow pine forest, and central oak woodland habitats. It is an indicator species for freshwater marsh.
It spreads by root runners and will tend to fill in moist areas. In the garden, it mu...
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32
Seep Monkey Flower is a yellow bee-pollinated wildflower that grows along the banks of streams and seeps in western North America and throughout most of California. It is also well liked by hummingbirds. This is a highly variable plant, taking many forms. It is a species complex in that there is room to treat some of its forms as different species by some definitions. Both annual and perennial forms occur throughout the species' range. It is found in a wide range of habitats including the splash...
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33
Idaho Fescue (Festuca idahoensis) is native to western North America, where it is widespread and very common. In California, it is most often found in the Sierra foothills (generally at and above 4000 feet) and the Coast Ranges. It can be found in many ecosystems, from shady forests to open plains grasslands.
This fescue is a densely-clumping, long-lived perennial grass with stems from about 12 to 32 inches in height. Its stiff, short, rolling leaves are mostly located near the base of the tuft...
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34
Purshia tridentata is a nitrogen fixing shrub in the Rose family, native to mountainous areas of western North America ranging from southeastern British Columbia in the north, east to Montana and south to California and New Mexico. It grows on arid mountainsides; in California it occurs between 700-3,400 meter above sea level (Jepson) in the southern mountains and into the eastern Sierras, but lower further north, at 320-1,065 meter from the Cascades up to British Columbia (Plants of British Col...
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35
California Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens) is a species of conifer native to western North America, with the bulk of the range in the United States, from central western Oregon through most of California and the extreme west of Nevada, and also a short distance into northwest Mexico in northern Baja California. It grows at altitudes of 160 to 9500 feet. It is the most widely-known cedar species and is often simply called Incense Cedar without a regional qualifier. It is a large tree, with a...
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36
Lewis flax, blue flax or prairie flax is a perennial flowering plant native to western North America from Alaska south to Baja California, and from the Pacific Coast east to the Mississippi River. It grows on ridges and dry slopes, from sea level in the north up to 3000 meter altitude in the south of the species' range. It is a slender herbaceous plant growing up to 90 centimeters tall, with spirally arranged narrow lance-shaped leaves 1-2 centimeters long. The flowers are pale blue or lavender ...
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37
Heuchera micrantha is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name crevice alumroot. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows on rocky slopes and cliffs. Within California it is found primarily in the central and northern Coast Ranges and Sierra foothills.This plant is quite variable in appearance. There are a number of wild and cultivated Varieties: The leaves are lobed and usually coated in glandular hairs. They ...
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38
Maianthemum stellatum (False Solomon's Seal) is a species of flowering plant in the family Ruscaceae, native across North America generally from Alaska to California in the west and from Newfoundland to the central Appalachian Mountains in the east. In California it is found primarily in the Coast Ranges and Sierras. An everchanging seasonal plant with little white buds in the spring, followed by delicate starry flowers, then stripy berries and deep red berries in the fall. It is a woodland herb...
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39
Canyon live oak is a species of evergreen oak that is found in the southwestern part of North America, notably in the California Coast Ranges. It is the most wide-spread oak in the state. Its ultimate size and shade are determined by its location within the state. This tree is often found near creeks and drainage swales growing in moist cool microhabitats. Its leaves are a glossy dark green on the upper surface with prominent spines; a further rapid identification arises from the leaves of Canyo...
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40
Arctostaphylos viscida is a species in the Ericaceae (Heath) family known by the common names whiteleaf manzanita and sticky manzanita. This is a treelike shrub reaching up to five meters in height. The stems may be smooth or fuzzy, and are often hairy. The leaves are rounded to oval, sometimes slightly toothed or with hairs along the edges, and usually dull green on both surfaces. When in flower the shrub is packed heavily with densely bunching flower clusters of urn-shaped white to pale pink f...
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41
A species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family known by the common name California Brickellbush. It is native to western North America from Baja California to Idaho to Oklahoma. It is a common plant in many habitat types, especially in dry areas, somewhat more common in the southern coastal part of the state. One of the best smelling California native plants. Although not particularly beautiful, it has an amazing fragrance that comes out in the summer months when it is in bloo...
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42
Mule Ears (Wyethia mollis) is one of several species in this genus that are found in California. It is a native perennial herb in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that grows primarily in the Sierras from Fresno County northward. It is slow growing and long-lived, developing an upright form to a height of 2.5 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are yellow and striking, and bloom in the late spring. Leaves are white-gray and deciduous. It tends to be a pioneer species, ...
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43
Gilia capitata is a species of flowering plant in the Polemoniaceae (Phlox) family known by the common names bluehead gilia and blue field gilia. It is native to much of western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, and it can be found on the eastern side of the continent as an introduced species. In California it is widespread, occurring along the coast and in the Sierras. It grows in many habitats, especially in sandy or rocky soils. This wildflower is somewhat variable in form and app...
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44
Clustered Field Sedge (Carex praegracilis) is a species in the Cyperaceae (Sedge) family. It is native to much of North America, from Alaska across southern Canada and throughout the continental United States, except for the southeastern region. It grows in wet and seasonally wet environments in a number of habitats, including meadows and wetlands; it is often riparian or semi-riparian in the drier parts of its range. It tolerates disturbed habitat such as roadsides and thrives in alkaline subst...
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45
Arctostaphylos patula is a species in the Ericaceae (Heath) family known by the common name Greenleaf Manzanita. This is a shrub of the Sierras and Klamath mountains, living at higher elevations and tolerating very cold winters. It reaches between one and two meters in height. Like other Manzanitas its lower branches extend more outward than upward and may root in the soil where they touch. The stems are twisting and reddish-brown in color, and shiny due to hairy secretion. The leaves are oval-s...
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46
Ceanothus cordulatus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae) known by the common names Mountain Whitethorn and Whitethorn Ceanothus. It is native to California and adjacent sections of Oregon, Nevada, and Baja California, where it grows on mountain ridges and other forested areas. In California its major population is in the Sierras. This is a spreading shrub growing usually wider than tall and up to about 1.5 meters. The stems are gray, with the twigs yellow-green in color an...
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47
Chrysothamnus nauseosus, also known as rubber rabbitbrush, gray rabbitbrush, or Chamisa, is a shrub of the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that grows in the arid regions of western North America. Despite its common name, it is not restricted to the Mohave Desert or deserts generally but is widespread in California. Due to its wide geographic distribution, there are nine currently recognized varieties in California, indicating significant variation within the species. It is typically a shrubby, 12 ...
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48
Meadow Rue is a native perennial herb in the Ranunculaceae (Buttercup) family. However, it looks nothing like the conventional image of a Buttercup. It is widespread in Western North America. In California it is found in many locations including the Bay Area, central coast, Coast Ranges, Sierras, and coastal Southern California. It is found from sea level to 10,500 ft., most often in moist forest or woodland areas. It is a shade lover and works well with ferns and other shade plants. In warmer o...
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49
Purple Nightshade or San Diego Nightshade is a semi-evergreen perennial vine in the Solanaceae family. Originally native to California, it can now be found in most of North America. It is found in the Bay Area and the Sierras, but its primary distribution is in the southern California coast and mountains from San Luis Obispo County southward up to 4,000 feet elevation. It grows in shrublands, oak/pine woodlands, deciduous and coniferous forests in sandy, rocky or clay soils. It is found in areas...
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50
Heuchera rubescens is a species in the Saxifragaceae (Saxifrage) family. Its common name is Pink Alumroot. It is native to a large part of the western United States and northern Mexico. In California is is found primarily in the Sierras with scattered locations in the Klamath region and southern California. The plant grows as a low rosette of basal leaves from which the inflorescence arises, to 6 inches in height. All Heucheras have nodding bell-shaped flowers, leading to the common name Coral B...
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51
Lupinus polyphyllus is a species in the Fabaceae (Legume) family that is native to a large part of western North America. In California it is found primarily in the Sierras and other northern mountains. It commonly grows along streams and creeks, preferring moist habitats. It is a perennial herbaceous plant with stout stems growing to 1.5 meter tall. The leaves are palmately compound with (5-) 9-17 leaflets 3-15 centimeter long. The flowers are produced on a tall spike, each flower 1-1.5 centime...
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52
The Common Wooly Sunflower (Eriophyllum lanatum) is a widespread, herbaceous dicot of the sunflower family Asteraceae. It is native to western North America, commonly growing in dry, open places below 10,000 feet, but it also grows on rocky slopes and bluffs. It is most common in California, primarily in the mountains of the northern part of the state where it is widespread.
This perennial plant grows from 1 to 2 feet in height. Flowers are yellow and composite, looking much like true sunflowe...
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53
Pinus contorta is a common tree in western North America with the bulk of its population to the north and east of California. Within California it is found primarily in the Sierras, with scattered populations in other mountains. There are three recognized subspecies which can vary greatly in appearance. In the Sierras ssp. Murrayana can be very tall with a straight trunk, consistent with the common name Lodgepole Pine. It is found at elevations from 1,500 ft. to 12,000 ft. Near the coast ssp. co...
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54
Ceanothus velutinus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Red Root, Snowbrush Ceanothus and Tobacco Brush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California to Colorado, where it grows in several habitat types including coniferous forest, chaparral, and various types of woodland. In California it is found primarily in the northern half of the state in the Coast Ranges, Sierras, Klamath and Modoc regions. It can grow up to 4 m...
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55
Red Fescue is one of many species of Festuca native to California. It is a cool-season species of bunch grass (summer dormant) that is found worldwide and can tolerate many habitats and climates. It is a nutritious and palatable forage grass for domestic and wild animals. It is used as a turfgrass and groundcover and can be left completely unmowed for a lush prairie-like look. It spreads by rhizomes. There are three recognized subspecies, and many cultivars have been bred.
56
Alnus incana (Grey or Speckled Alder) is a species in the Betulaceae (Birch) family with a wide range across the cooler parts of the Northern Hemisphere. In California it is found primarily in the Sierras. It is a small to medium size tree 15-20 meter tall with smooth grey bark even in old age, its life span being a maximum of 60-100 years. The leaves are matte green, ovoid, 5-11 centimeter long and 4-8 centimeter broad. The flowers are catkins, appearing early in spring before the leaves emerge...
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57
California Yerba Santa (Eriodictyon californicum) is a species of plant in the Boraginaceae (Borage) family (formerly classified in the Hydrophyllaceae or Waterleaf family). It is found in central to northern California and Oregon, where it grows in several types of habitat, including chaparral and forest. It is a shrub growing 3 to 10 feet tall.
The smaller branches and foliage are coated in a sticky resin and are often dusted with black fungi. The narrow, long leaves are somewhat lance-shape...
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58
Cow Parsnip (Heracleum maximum) is a member of the Apiaceae (Carrot) family and the only member of this genus native to North America. Cow Parsnip is distributed throughout the continental United States and Alaska except the Gulf Coast and a few neighboring states. It is the only native member of this family to occur throughout the U.S. In California it occurs primarily in the northern half of the state. It is relatively large for an herb and features a large flower head consisting of the typica...
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59
Fragaria vesca, commonly known as Woodland Strawberry, occurs throughout the Northern Hemisphere. In California it is found along the coast, in the Coast Ranges, and in the Sierra. Like all strawberries, it is in the family Rosaceae.
This groundcover plant spreads by runners without being considered invasive. Both people and wildlife enjoy its fruits. Consistent with its "Woodland" name, this plant favors rich soil, with plentiful organic matter.
60
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an annual plant in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that is native to the Americas and widespread in California. It possesses a large flower cluster (flowering head). In the Asteraceae family, what is usually called the flower is actually a head (formally composite flower) of numerous florets (small flowers) crowded together. The outer florets are the ray florets (often sterile). In Sunflower these can be yellow, maroon, orange, or other colors. The florets insi...
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61
Juniperus communis, Dwarf or Common Juniper, is a species in the genus Juniperus, in the family Cupressaceae. It has the largest range of any woody plant, throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic south in mountains to around 30N latitude in North America, Europe and Asia. It is found in the understory of forests and woodlands, and also beyond the northern limit of trees. In California it is found in the Sierras and in Del Norte and Siskyou Counties. It is a shrub or smal...
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62
Pearly Everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea) is a native perennial herb in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that grows primarily in northern and central California. It is fast growing and short-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 3 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are yellow and striking, and bloom in the early summer. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in disturbed or recently burned places, at elevations from 0-8500 feet. This sp...
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63
Lonicera involucrata is a species in the Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle) family that is native to northern and western North America, from southern Alaska east across boreal Canada to Quebec, and south through the western United States to California, and to Chihuahua in northwestern Mexico. In California there are two recognized varieties with differing ranges. Var. involucrata has mostly yellow flowers and is found in the Sierras. Var. ledebourii has mostly red-orange flowers and is found along th...
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Douglas Fir or Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, is an evergreen conifer native to the coastal regions of western North America, from central California north through Oregon and Washington to British Columbia, Canada. In California, it is found in the Klamath Mountains and the Cascade Range, the California Coast Ranges as far south as the Santa Lucia Mountains in Monterey County, and the Sierra Nevada as far south as the Huntington Lake region in Fresno County.
In California the Douglas Fir ...
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White Everlasting (Gnaphalium canescens ssp. microcephalum) is a native perennial herb in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that grows primarily in southern California, along the central coast, and in the Sierras. It tends to grow at elevations from sea level to 6,500 feet. Like other members of this genus, the flowers are very long-lasting when dried and are used in flower arrangements. It is closely related to Pseudognaphalium californicum but is less commonly seen in
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Blue Wildrye (Elymus glaucus) is a species of wild rye. This grass is a common and widespread species native to North America from Alaska to New York to northern Mexico. It is found in every region of California except the low desert.
This perennial bunch grass grow as small, narrow tufts of several erect stems which exceed 20 inches in height and may approach 5 ft. It has a thick, fibrous root system, sometimes with rhizomes, and the stems may form stolons. It has flat leaves, each up to appr...
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White Brodiaea (Triteleia hyacinthina) is a native perennial herb in the Themidaceae family that grows in northern and central California. It tends to grow at elevations from sea level to 7,200 feet in the Coast Ranges, Central Valley and Sierras. It grows from a corm that produces two or three strap-like leaves up to 16 in. long. The flower stalk can be up to 2 ft. tall topped by a cluster of a few to many funnel-shaped flowers. The white flowers are sometimes tinged with lavender. The large te...
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Keckiella breviflora (formerly Penstemon breviflorus) is a species of flowering shrub in the Plantagnaceae (Plantain) family known by the common name Gaping Keckiella. It is native to many of the mountain ranges and foothills of central California, and its range extends just into Nevada. This is a branching, bushy shrub with many thin stems, approaching a maximum height near two meters. Its shiny green leaves are arranged oppositely on the branches, and each is one to four centimeters long, gene...
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Pellaea mucronata is a species in the Pteridaceae (Fern) family known by the common name Bird's Foot Cliffbrake. It is native to much of California, and parts of Oregon, Nevada, Arizona, and Baja California, where it grows in various types of rocky habitat. There are two recognized subspecies in California. Ssp. californica is limited to California, while ssp. mucronata can be found outside the state's borders. Each leaf is 7 to 45 centimeters long and is borne on a thin petiole. It is composed ...
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The cheerful yellow and red flowers of the Spring Madia brighten up the landscape and attract bees and butterflies to the garden. Birds enjoy the seeds after blooming. Spring Madia is an annual wildflower in the sunflower family. This plant is also known as tarweed because of its scent, which is pleasant and reminiscent of pineapple.
The flowers bloom from summer to fall. They look their best in the morning and curl up in the afternoon. Spring Madia does well in open, sunny places. It is an eas...
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Tankoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus), is an evergreen tree in the family Fagaceae, which includes Beeches, Oaks and Chestnuts. Despite its common name and the fact that it produces acorns, it is not a true Oak. This genus was formerly known as Lithocarpus, and some sources may still refer to it by that name.
Tankoak is native to the western United States, in California as far south as the Transverse Ranges and north to southwest Oregon. It is slow-growing but can reach 130 feet tall (though ...
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Mimulus lewisii (Lewis' Monkeyflower or Great Purple Monkeyflower) is a perennial herb in the Phrymaceae (Lopseed) family. It is native to western North America from Alaska to California to Colorado, where it grows in moist habitat such as streambanks at elevations between 5,000 and 10,000 ft. In California it is found primarily in the Sierras. It is named in honor of Meriwether Lewis. This is a mountain species that requires higher elevations, snow in winter, cool temperatures in summer, and pl...
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Jeffrey Pine (Pinus jeffreyi), named in honor of its documenter John Jeffrey, is a North American pine related to Ponderosa Pine. It occurs from southwest Oregon south through much of California, including the Sierras, Coast Ranges, Transverse Range and Peninsular Range, to northern Baja California, Mexico. It is a high altitude species; in the north of its range, it grows widely at 1,500 to 2,100 meter (4,900 to 6,900 feet) altitude, and at 1,800 to 2,900 meter (5,900 to 9,500 feet) in the sout...
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White Fir (Abies concolor) is a member of the Pinaceae (Pine) family native to the mountains of western North America, occurring at altitudes of 900-3,400 meter. In California it is quite common in the Sierras and North Coast Range, with scattered locations in the mountains of southern California. It is a medium to large evergreen coniferous tree growing to 25-60 meters tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 2 meters. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 2.5-6 centimeter long and 2 millimeter...
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Cream Bush (also called Ocean Spray) is famous for its cascading clusters of fragrant, creamy white flowers. These lovely blooms attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. After blooming, the seeds provide food for birds, and the plant itself provides shelter for birds and small animals.
Cream Bush is an attractive deciduous shrub, commonly found in forest and woodland environments. In the garden, it does well in shade or part shade and adapts to a variety of soil types. Water needs are moder...
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Lilium parvum is a species of lily known by the common names Sierra tiger lily and alpine lily. It is native to the Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada. The plant grows in mountainous forests, sending up stems with flower clusters of lily flowers during the summer months. The flowers are small for lilies, and more bell-shaped than most others. They are yellowish-orange to dark orange-red with lighter orange or yellow centers. The petals are spotted with purple or brown markings. There is a va...
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Oregon cherry or Bitter cherry (Prunus emarginata) is a species of Prunus native to western North America, from British Columbia south to California, and east to western Wyoming and Arizona. It is often found in recently disturbed areas, open woods, on nutrient-rich soil. It is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 1-15 meter tall with a slender oval trunk with smooth gray to reddish-brown bark with horizontal lenticels. The leaves are 2-8 centimeter long, thin, oval-shaped, and yellowish-...
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The Red Fir or Silvertip fir (Abies magnifica) is a western North American fir, native to the mountains of southwest Oregon and California in the United States. It is a large evergreen tree typically up to 40-60 meter tall and 2 meter trunk diameter, rarely to 76 meter tall and 3 meter diameter, with a narrow conic crown. The bark on young trees is smooth, grey, and with resin blisters, becoming orange-red, rough and fissured on old trees. The leaves are needle-like, 2-3.5 centimeter long, waxy...
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Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) is a species of dogwood native to western North America from lowlands of southern British Columbia to mountains of southern California. An inland population occurs in central Idaho. Cultivated examples are found as far north as the Queen Charlotte Islands.
It is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree, reaching 12 to 65 feet tall, often with multiple trunks and and an irregular form. The leaves are opposite, simple oval, 3 to almost 5 inches long and 2 to 3 in...
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Black Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is a species in the relatively newly designated Adoxaceae (Moschatel) family. It is native to most of Europe, northwest Africa, southwest Asia, and western North America. It is quite common and widespread in California. Blue Elderberry (S. caerulea) is also quite common. Black Elderberry is a deciduous shrub or small tree. Its bark, light grey when young, changes to a coarse grey outer bark with lengthwise furrowing. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs. Th...
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Mugwort (Artemisia douglasiana) is an aromatic shrub in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family, although plants in this genus don't look like that would be the case. Found in virtually every county of California, this plant has been used as a ceremonial plant in many Native American cultures, for use in treating a minor injury, or as a dream potentiator.
The plant is native to the western United States and into Baja California, where it is often found in moist areas such as drainages. It's often ri...
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Elymus triticoides is species in the Poaceae (Grass) family known by the common names Creeping Wild Rye and Beardless Wild Rye. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Texas, where it often grows in moist habitat, sometimes with heavy and saline soils. It forms a solid, rhizomatous root system which allows it to grow at water's edge and prevent the soil from eroding. It reaches 1.3 meters in maximum height with stiff, slender green to blue-green leaves that stand away from...
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Tufted Hair-grass or Tussock grass (Deschampsia cespitosa or Deschampsia caespitosa) is a wild plant from the grass family (Poaceae). Distribution of this grass species is widespread including the eastern and western extremes of North America, parts of South America and Eurasia. In California it is most commonly found in the central and northern portions of the state, including the Coast Ranges and Sierras. It is found in coastal prairie habitat and mountain meadows, along with other native gras...
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Threenerve Goldenrod (Solidago velutina) is a native perennial herb in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that is very widespread in western North America and is found in almost every county in California. Recent taxonomic changes have expanded the scope of S. velutina to include S. californica and S. sparsiflora which were previously considered by many to be distinct species. Some sources may still refer to these as separate species, but they are now formally recognized as subspecies. In the gar...
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Soft rush (Juncus effusus) is a member of the Juncaceae (Rush) family found growing in wet areas, as indicated by the common name. It is very widespread and native to most continents; for this reason there are a number of native and non-native subspecies and varieties, and numerous synonyms. It grows in large clumps about 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall at the water's edge along streams, ditches and ponds and can be invasive anywhere with moist soil. It is commonly found growing in humus-rich areas suc...
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Salix exigua (Sandbar Willow) is a species in the Salicaceae (Willow) family native to most of North America except for the southeast and far north, occurring from Alaska east to New Brunswick, and south to northern Mexico. It is found in every county in California. It is a deciduous shrub reaching 4-7 meter (13-23 feet) in height, spreading by basal shoots to form dense clonal colonies. The leaves are narrow lance-shaped, 4-12 centimeter (1.6-4.7 inches) long and 2-10 millimeter (0.079-0.39 inc...
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Choke Cherry (Prunus virginiana) is a species in the Rosaceae (Rose) family, in the Bird Cherry (Padus) subgenus. It is native to North America where it is found almost throughout the continent except for the deep south and the far north. The plant is widespread in California, particularly in the mountains. It is a suckering shrub or small tree growing to 5 meter tall. The leaves are oval, 3-10 centimeter long, with a coarsely serrated margin. It is deciduous, and the leaves provide some fall co...
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Melica californica, known by the common name California Melicgrass, is a species in the Poaceae (Grass) family. It is native to Oregon and California, where it grows in many types of habitats, from mountain forests to open grassland at sea level. In California it is found primarily in the Coast Ranges and Sierra foothills.
California Melicgrass is a perennial grass, generally with rhizomes, producing a dense cluster of stems up to about 4 ft. (1.3 meters) in maximum height. The flower cluster ...
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Western Serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) is beautiful shrub that grows primarily in northern California and the Sierra mountains. It tends to grow in well draining open places and hillsides at elevations from 200-8500 feet. Western Serviceberry grows in an upright form to a height of 15-35 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. It usually has a rounded shrubby form, though it can sometimes grow more upright especially in shadier areas. Flowers are white and striking, and bloo...
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The California buttercup (Ranunculus californicus), a perennial herb of the Ranunculaceae family, brightens much of California (except the deserts) with 3/4 inch, remarkably glossy, deep yellow flowers, each with 9 to 17 petals. Their native habitat extends into Baja California, Oregon, and some Pacific coast islands. There are two recognized Varieties: Var californicus is widespread and the flowers rise above the basal leaves on 1 ft to 2ft branching stems. Var cuneatus is found primarily on th...
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Bluewitch Nightshade (Solanum umbelliferum) is a native shrub Solanaceae (Nightshade) family that is widespread in California in various habitats and vegetation communities, at elevations from sea level to 5,200 feet. The stems are densely hairy and branched. The leaves are grey-green, elliptical to oval, and typically smooth edged. The flower is blue to purple in color, consisting of five petals fused together, with contrasting yellow anthers. The fruit is a sphere 12-14 mm in size. Its habit i...
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Prunella vulgaris, known as common selfheal, heal-all, heart-of-the-earth or h kh tho in Vietnamese, is a medicinal plant in the genus Prunella. It grows from 1 to 2 feet high, with creeping, self-rooting, tough, square, reddish stems branching at leaf axis. The leaves are lance shaped, serrated and reddish at tip, about an inch long and 1/2 inch broad, grow on short stalks in opposite pairs down the square stem. The flowers grow from a clublike, somewhat square, whirled cluster, immediately bel...
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Agrostis pallens is a species of grass known by the common name seashore bent grass. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Montana to California, where it grows in many types of habitats. In California it is widespread except for the central valley and deserts. It is a perennial grass growing 10 to 70 centimeters in height, sometimes from a rhizome. The leaves vary in width and length but are generally not more than 5 centimeters long. The flower cluster is a narrow arra...
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Tarragon or Dragon's-wort (Artemisia dracunculus) is a perennial herb in the family Asteraceae. Plants in this genus are frequently called Wormwood, but this species is usually known as Tarragon. A European cultivar of this species is used as a popular culinary spice. The species name "dracunculus" leads to the common name "dragon herb." It is native to a wide area of the Northern Hemisphere from easternmost Europe across central and eastern Asia to India, western North America, and south to nor...
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Black Cottonwood (Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa) is a native tree that grows in northern, southern and central California. It is fast growing and moderately long-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 100 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are yellow and bloom in the mid spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in alluvial bottomplands and streamsides, at elevations from 0-9000 feet. Tough and easy to grow as long as it is in ...
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Sierra Currant (Ribes nevadense) is a native shrub in the Grossulariaceae (Currant/Gooseberry) family that grows primarily in the mountainous interior regions of the state. It is moderately fast growing and long-lived. It grows in a semi-upright form to a height of 6 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are red and striking, and bloom in the late spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in open places, at elevations from 3,000-10,000 feet but is s...
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Juncus mexicanus (Mexican Rush) is native to the southwestern quadrant of the United States and parts of Mexico and Central and South America. It is a plant of moist areas in a great number of habitats, from coast to desert to mountain and from sea level to 10,000 ft. It may be found in standing water or saturated soil. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb which varies in appearance. The thin erect stems reach a maximum height anywhere from 10 to 80 centimeters. The leaves grow from the base of ...
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Eriogonum nudum is a perennial shrub of the wild buckwheat genus which is known by the common name naked buckwheat. The plant is a tall, bare, leafless stem, bifurcating into more stems, each topped with rounded clusters of white or pale pink or yellow flowers growing up to six feet from a basal rosette at the ground, where the flat green leaves are located. The naked stem gives the plant its common name. Naked buckwheat can be found scattered around the west coast of the United States. This spe...
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Eleocharis macrostachya is a species in the Cyperaceae (Sedge) family known by the common name Common Spikerush. It is widely distributed across North America and occurs in parts of South America. It is a plant of varied moist habitats, including freshwater lakes and brackish marshes and ponds, ditches, vernal pools, and wet meadows. This is a rhizomatous perennial generally reaching heights between one half and one meter. It has bright green erect stems and straw-colored basal leaves. The top o...
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Penstemon newberryi is a species of penstemon known by the common name mountain pride. It is native to the mountains of northern California, Oregon, and Nevada, where it grows in rocky habitat, often at high elevation, such as talus. It is a bushy, mat-forming subshrub growing up to 30 centimeters tall. The leaves are mostly basal on the plant, oblong or oval and toothed, measuring 1 to 4 centimeters in length, with a few smaller pairs along the stem. The hairy flower cluster bears showy magenta...
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