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Southern California Black Walnut
( Juglans californica )
Juglans californica
More Photos at CalPhotos
More Info at Jepson eFlora
Calflora
Click on blue squares to see occurrence records.
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36 Nurseries Carry This Plant
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About Southern California Black Walnut (Juglans californica)
36 Nurseries Carry This Plant
Add to My Plant List
Juglans californica
, the Southern California Black Walnut, is a large shrub or small tree endemic to California. Some authorities (including the California Native Plant Society) combine this species with J. hindsii.
Southern California Black Walnut, generally found in the southern half of the state, can be either a large shrub with 1 to 5 trunks or a small single-trunked tree. The main trunk can fork close to the ground, making it look like two trees that have grown together, then diverged.
It has thick bark, deeply channeled or furrowed at maturity. It has large compound leaves Its small hard nut is difficult to remove from its shallowly grooved thick shell. The Chumash Indians of the Channel Islands of California eat the nuts; these walnuts are not, however, grown commercially as food.
This tree is a great choice for wildlife gardens, especially for attracting birds, which eat the nuts and like to nest in the branches. Unfortunately, Southern California Black Walnut is now endangered in large parts of the southern portion of its natural range due to continued development. Hopefully native gardeners in Southern California will help restore this important part of the ecosystem.
Best to plant near an irrigated area or naturally moister areas such as a streambed, seep or canyon bottom. Toxins in walnut seeds will typically prevent other plants from growing under this tree, so don't try to put understory plants too near this tree.
Plant Description
Plant Type
Tree
Size
50 - 75 ft tall
50 - 75 ft wide
Form
Rounded
Growth Rate
Moderate
Dormancy
Winter Deciduous
Flower Color
Yellow
Flowering Season
Spring
Wildlife Supported
Very important wildlife plant, as walnuts are an important food source. Attracts many birds and small animals.
Butterflies & moths hosted ( 1
confirmed
, 25
likely
* )
SHOW ALL
Wandering Tiger Moth
Spilosoma vestalis
Spilosoma vestalis
*
Polyphemus moth
Antheraea polyphemus
Antheraea polyphemus
*
Red-Humped Caterpillar
Schizura concinna
Schizura concinna
*
Walnut Spanworm Moth
Phigalia plumogeraria
Phigalia plumogeraria
*
Filbertworm
Cydia latiferreana
Cydia latiferreana
*
The Penitent
Catocala piatrix
Catocala piatrix
*
Forest Tent Caterpillar
Malacosoma disstria
Malacosoma disstria
Landscaping Information
Sun
Full Sun, Part Shade
Moisture
Moderate - High
Summer Irrigation
Max 1x / month once established
Nurseries
Carried by 36
Cold Tolerance
Tolerates cold to 20 - 25° F
Soil Drainage
Fast, Medium, Slow
Soil Description
Adaptable. Soil PH: 6 - 7
Common uses
Bank Stabilization, Deer Resistant, Bird Gardens
Companion Plants
Scrub Oak
(
Quercus berberidifolia
),
Coast Live Oak
(
Quercus agrifolia
),
Red Willow
(
Salix laevigata
),
Mountain Mahogany
(
Cercocarpus betuloides
),
Virgin's Bower
(
Clematis ligusticifolia
),
California Wildrose
(
Rosa californica
), Riverbank
Lupine
(
Lupinus latifolius
),
Climbing Penstemon
(
Keckiella cordifolia
),
Blue Elderberry
(
Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea
)
Propagation
?
For propagating by seed: 5 months stratification (USDA Forest Service 1974). Some fresh seeds may need only 2 to 3 months; thus, germinating seeds should be removed and planted at periodic inspections.
Sunset Zones
?
4, 5, 6, 7*, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14*, 15*, 16*, 17*, 18*, 19*, 20*, 21*, 22*, 23*, 24*
Natural Setting
Site Type
Slopes, canyons, valleys, often near stream beds or washes
Climate
Annual Precipitation: 5.8" - 70.7", Summer Precipitation: 0.16" - 2.61", Coldest Month: 38.0" - 56.8", Hottest Month: 62.9" - 85.5", Humidity: 0.09" - 36.34", Elevation: -1" - 6720"
Alternative Names
Botanical Names
: Juglans californica var. californica
Common Names
: Southern Black Walnut, Southern California Walnut
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Southern California Black Walnut
Juglans californica
Sources include:
Wikipedia
. All text shown in the "About" section of these pages is available under the
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
. Plant observation data provided by the participants of the
California Consortia of Herbaria
, Sunset information provided by
Jepson Flora Project
. Propogation from seed information provided by the
Santa Barbara Botanical Garden
from "Seed Propagation of Native California Plants" by Dara E. Emery. Sources of plant photos include
CalPhotos
,
Wikimedia Commons
, and independent plant photographers who have agreed to share their images with Calscape. Other general sources of information include
Calflora
,
CNPS Manual of Vegetation Online
,
Jepson Flora Project
,
Las Pilitas
,
Theodore Payne
,
Tree of Life
,
The Xerces Society
, and information provided by CNPS volunteer editors, with special thanks to Don Rideout. Climate data used in creation of plant range maps is from
PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University
, using 30 year (1981-2010) annual "normals" at an 800 meter spatial resolution.
Links:
Jepson eFlora Taxon Page
CalPhotos
Wikipedia
Calflora
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