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Black Hawthorn
Crataegus douglasii
  
About Black Hawthorn (Crataegus douglasii) 21 Nurseries Carry This Plant Crataegus douglasii is a species of hawthorn known by the common names black hawthorn and Douglas' thornapple. It is named after David Douglas, who collected seed from the plant during his botanical explorations. This thorny shrub is native to northern and western North America, where it grows in varied habitats from forest to scrubland. It is most abundant in the Pacific Northwest. This is a compact erect bushy shrub covered in fan-shaped green leaves with teeth along the distal margin. Thorns along the branches are one to two centimeters long. White flowers with greenish centers grow in bunches at the ends of each thin branch. The fruit is a very dark purple pome up to about a centimeter across. The fruits were a good food source for Native American peoples such as the Cheyenne and Nlaka'pamux.
Plant Description
Plant Type
Plant Type
Shrub

Size
Size
15 ft tall

Form
Form
Upright

Growth Rate
Growth Rate
Moderate

Flower Color
Flower Color
White, Green

Flowering Season
Flowering Season
Spring

Wildlife Supported
 


Landscaping Information
Sun
Sun
Full Sun, Part Shade

Moisture
Moisture
Moderate - High

Nurseries
Nurseries

Ease of Care
Ease of Care
Moderately Easy

Soil Drainage
Soil Drainage
Slow, Medium

Soil Description
Soil Description
Prefers deep, moist, fine-textured soil

Propagation
Propagation?
For propagating by seed: Scarify or soak in concentrated H 2S04 for 2-3 hrs., and stratif y 3-4 mos. For fresh dried fruit, soak in water 2-3 days to sof ten, remove pulp and sow immediately; this has given fair germination (Heit 1971).

Sunset Zones
Sunset Zones?
1, 2*, 4*, 5*, 6*, 7*, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18

Natural Setting
Site Type
Site Type
Streamsides, meadows, grassy places,

Climate
Climate
Annual Precipitation: 11.0" - 123.2", Summer Precipitation: 0.41" - 4.48", Coldest Month: 18.4" - 48.7", Hottest Month: 39.7" - 76.6", Humidity: 0.37" - 27.98", Elevation: 99" - 10940"

Alternative Names
Botanical Names: Crataegus columbiana
Common Names: Douglas' Thornapple, River Hawthorn


Sources include: Wikipedia. All text shown in the "About" section of these pages is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Plant observation data provided by the participants of the California Consortia of Herbaria, Sunset information provided by Jepson Flora Project. Propogation from seed information provided by the Santa Barbara Botanical Garden from "Seed Propagation of Native California Plants" by Dara E. Emery. Sources of plant photos include CalPhotos, Wikimedia Commons, and independent plant photographers who have agreed to share their images with Calscape. Other general sources of information include Calflora, CNPS Manual of Vegetation Online, Jepson Flora Project, Las Pilitas, Theodore Payne, Tree of Life, The Xerces Society, and information provided by CNPS volunteer editors, with special thanks to Don Rideout. Climate data used in creation of plant range maps is from PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University, using 30 year (1981-2010) annual "normals" at an 800 meter spatial resolution.

Links:   Jepson eFlora Taxon Page  CalPhotos  Wikipedia  Calflora


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